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I agree that sample collection location and time are very important. In the CALIPER study, we went to schools and community centers where children are and therefore had to collect samples at different times of day. Based on a recent sub-study comparing fasting samples to those obtained at different times throughout the day (manuscript submitted for publication), many biochemical markers do not change appreciably in children and adolescents. This is very helpful as requiring children to fast for prolonged periods of time is not feasible either in research studies or during routine medical tests. Fasting is however needed for some analytes such as triglyceride, although non-fasting triglyceride also has value as a marker of hypertriglyceridemia based on a number of studies.
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