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I have some data on this question which are old but should still be valid. The information comes from a health-screening study in which people were given appointments throughout the day (about 9 am to about 4pm) and took a glucose load soon after arrival. Plasma glucose was measured on fasting blood and again 2 hours after the glucose load.
For fasting plasma glucose, time of day made no difference but for the 2-hour glucose the average value was higher early (9-10 am) or late (after 3 pm) than it was between 10 am and 2 pm. The difference was about 1.2 mmol/l (just over 20 mg/100 ml) between mid-morning and late afternoon.
So the answer as far as fasting glucose is concerned seems to be No, even though there is diurnal variation in glucose tolerance (which has been known for a long time).
John Whitfield
Brisbane, Australia
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